I-Pegasus lilizwi elivakalayo. Isixhobo hack for ukufikelela kuyo yonke idatha kuyo nayiphi na i-iPhone okanye i-smartphone ye-Android ziindaba kuzo zonke imidiya. Ingaba isebenza kanjani? Ndingazi njani ukuba ndosulelekile? Sikuxelela yonke into engezantsi.
Yintoni iPegasus?
I-Pegasus sisixhobo sokuhlola i-smartphone yakho. Sinokuyihlela njenge "virus" ukuba sonke siqonde omnye komnye, engonakalisi ifowuni yakho, ayibangeli nantoni na ukuba icinywe okanye ingasebenzi kakuhle, kodwa kunokuba inokufikelela kuyo yonke idatha yakho kwaye uyithumele kuye nabani na ofake loo ntsholongwane kwifowuni yakho. Esi sixhobo senziwe yi-NSO Group, inkampani yakwaSirayeli ethengisa esi sixhobo ukuhlola abantu. Ewe, ilula ngolo hlobo, yinkampani eyaziwayo, ukuba wonke umntu uyayazi into eyenzayo kwaye evumelekileyo ngaphandle kwazo zonke izidubedube eziye zajikeleza kuyo ukusukela oko kwaziwa ubukho bayo. I-Apple sele ifake isikhalazo malunga nale nkampani.
Ndiyifaka njani iPegasus kwifowuni yam?
Abantu bahlala bethetha ngee-iPhones ezosulelwe yiPegasus, kodwa inyaniso kukuba esi sixhobo isebenza kuzo zombini i-iPhone kunye ne-Android. Iithagethi zesi sixhobo zidla ngokuba ngabapolitiki abaphezulu, intatheli, abagqugquzeli, abachasayo ... abantu "abanomdla" wokuhlola ukulawula ukunyakaza kwabo kwaye bazi yonke into abayaziyo, kwaye aba bantu, ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, bahlala besebenzisa ii-iPhones, ikhuseleke ngakumbi kune-Android, kodwa ikhuselekile njengoko injalo, ayichaphazeleki.
Ukuze iPegasus ifakwe kwi-iPhone yakho akukho mfuneko yokuba wenze nantoni na. Inkampani ye-NSO yenze isixhobo esiphucuke kakhulu kangangokuba sinokungena kwifowuni yakho ngaphandle kokucofa nakweyiphi na ikhonkco okanye ukhuphele naziphi na izicelo. Umnxeba olula we-WhatsApp okanye umyalezo othunyelwe kwifowuni yakho, ngaphandle kokuwuvula, unokunika ukufikelela kule spyware. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuba "yi-zero day vulnerabilities", iziphene zokhuseleko ukuba umenzi wefowuni akazazi kwaye ngoko akanako ukuzilungisa, kuba akazi nokuba zikhona. Nje ukuba ifakiwe, yonke into, ndiyaphinda, yonke into kwi-iPhone yakho isezandleni zakhe nabani na osebenzisa eso sixhobo.
I-Apple sele ikhuphe uhlaziyo kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo ezilungise uninzi lwezo ziphene zokhuseleko, kodwa iPegasus ifumana abanye kwaye ithatha ithuba kubo. Namhlanje asazi ukuba zeziphi iibugs ezisebenzisayo, nokuba zeziphi iifowuni okanye iinguqulelo ze-OS ezisengozini kwisixhobo sayo sokuhlola. Siyazi ukuba i-Apple iyayilungisa nje ukuba ibabhaqile, kodwa siyazi ukuba kuya kuhlala kukho iibugs eziya kufunyanwa kwaye zixhatshazwe. Ngumdlalo ongunaphakade wekati kunye nempuku.
Ngubani onokusebenzisa iPegasus?
Iqela le-NSO libanga ukuba isixhobo salo sisetyenziswa kuphela zii-arhente zikarhulumente, ngokungathi le yintuthuzelo. Kodwa njengoko uTim Cook watshoyo xa exoxa ngokunyanzela iinkampani ukuba zenze "umnyango ongasemva" oza kunika ukufikelela kwiifowuni xa kufuneka, "umnyango ongasemva wabafana abalungileyo ukwangumnyango ongasemva kwababi." Ekuphela kwentuthuzelo esinayo thina bemi abaqhelekileyo kukuba iPegasus ayifikeleleki nakubani na ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho kuphela. Ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo kumntu omnye kunexabiso elimalunga ne-96.000 yee-euro, ngoko andiqondi ukuba umntu osebenza naye okanye umkhwenyana wakho uza kuyisebenzisa ekuhloleni ifowuni yakho.
Kodwa kuyakhathaza ukuba wonke umntu azi ukuba kukho isixhobo esinokusihlola iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezingama-365 wonyaka sisebenzisa i-smartphone yethu, siyazi yonke into esiyenzayo, ukubona, ukufunda, ukumamela nokubhala. Ngubani onokuqinisekisa ukuba iPegasus ayinakuwela ezandleni zabanye abayithengisa ngexabiso eliphantsi? Okanye wenze ukuba ifumaneke kuye wonke umntu simahla? Kwaye into endikuxelele ngayo ekuqaleni kwenqaku, eyona nto ixhalabisa kakhulu kukwazi ukuba inkampani eyenziwe nguPegasus inokwenza ngokungenasiphelo ngesixhobo esaphula yonke imithetho enokwenzeka.
Ndingazi njani ukuba ndosulelekile?
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba kukho umntu ofake iPegasus kwifowuni yakho, kukho izixhobo zokuyifumanisa kwaye zisimahla. Kwelinye icala sinesoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo ophuhliswe nguAmnesty International kwaye unokukhuphela kwiGitHub (unxibelelwano). Nangona kunjalo, akusiyo isoftware enokuthi wonke umntu ayisebenzise ngenxa yobunzima bayo, ngoko ke zikho ezinye iindlela ezilula nezifikelelekayo kwabo bangenazo izakhono eziphambili zekhompyuter. Umzekelo isixhobo iMazing (unxibelelwano), ukukhuphela mahala, kwakhona ikuvumela ukuba wazi ukuba wosulelwe yi Pegasus. Iyahambelana neWindows kunye neMacOS kwaye nangona ezinye zeempawu zayo zihlawulwe, ukufunyanwa kwePegasus kusimahla.
Ndingakuphepha njani ukosulelwa yiPegasus?
Njengoko kunjalo, ukuba umntu ufuna ukufaka iPegasus kwifowuni yakho, akukho ndlela yokuyijikeleza ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa unokuthatha inyathelo lokunciphisa umngcipheko ubuncinci obunokwenzeka. Siyazi ukuba kukho iibugs eziye zavumela i-Pegasus ukuba ifake ngaphandle komsebenzisi ukwenza nantoni na, kodwa siyazi ukuba i-Apple ihlala ikhulula iipatches ukulungisa ezo bugs, ngoko ke. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba uhlala ugcina i-iPhone yakho ihlaziywa kuhlobo lwamva nje olukhoyo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ungacofa amakhonkco ongaziwa imvelaphi yakho, okanye uvule imiyalezo evela kubathumeli abangaziwayo okanye abakrokrelayo.
Ngokumalunga nokufakwa kwezicelo, kwi-iOS awukwazi ukufaka usetyenziso olusuka ngaphandle kwe-App Store. Le yinto exoxwa ngayo ngoku yimibutho emininzi efana neKhomishini yaseYurophu, kodwa yindlela yokukhusela ekhuselayo ekuhlaselweni kwangaphandle. Ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha i-Apple inyanzelekile ukuba ivule inkqubo yayo kwaye ivumele "i-sideloading" okanye ukufakwa kwee-apps ezivela ngaphandle kwevenkile yayo, iingozi ziya kwanda ngokukhawuleza.