Ngokuqinisekileyo ngoku uninzi lwenu luyayazi malunga nokungqubana phakathi kwe-Apple kunye ne-FBI yokukwazi ukufikelela kwidatha ye-iPhone 5c ephethwe ngumbhali wokubulala okuphindiweyo eSan Bernardino. UTim Cook ngokwakhe kuye kwafuneka eze ngaphambili ebusweni bento ayijonga njengesenzo "esinobungozi kakhulu" esinokuthi senze umzekelo obalulekileyo ngokuchasene nemfihlo yomntu wonke. Ezi ziganeko zidale ingxoxo enomdla malunga nokuba kude kangakanani iarhente zikarhulumente zinokusebenzisa ingxoxo yezokhuseleko, kwaye yeyiphi imida yemfihlo yethu. Sikuxelela yonke into eyenzekileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Isenzo sobunqolobi eSan Bernardino
Kwenzeka ngoDisemba ophelileyo ngo-2015. Abantu ababini, uSyed Rizan Farook noTashfeen Malik, babulala abantu abali-14 bonzakalisa nabanye abangama-22 eSan Bernardino, eCalifornia, kwinto ebonakala ngathi luhlaselo lwabanqolobi olunxulumene ne-ISIS. Emva kwezi ziganeko zingathandekiyo i-FBI ifumene i-iPhone 5c yomnye wababulali, Farook, kude kube ngoku khange ikwazi ukuvula ukufikelela kwidatha yazo.
I-iPhone kunye nenkqubo yayo yokhuseleko "engenakuhlaselwa"
I-Apple isebenzise inkqubo yezokhuseleko kwizixhobo zayo ze-iOS ezenza ukuba "kungenzeki" ukufikelela kwidatha yakho ngaphandle kokwazi isitshixo esisetyenziswa ngumnini wayo ukuyivimba. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukuba ukwazile ukugqitha kwisitshixo sokutshixa kweso sixhobo, unokufikelela kuninzi lwedatha, kodwa namhlanje oku akunakwenzeka, kuba phantse yonke idatha ibhalwe ngokufihliweyo kwaye ikhonjwe kuphela emva kokufaka isitshixo. Nokuba iApple ayinakugqitha kule lock ngaphandle kokwazi iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi.
Esi sixhobo yi-iPhone 5c, engenaso isivamvo somnwe, ke ngoko xa sisebenza umnini akanakunyanzelwa ukuba ashiye isitshixo. I-Apple ayilazi eli qhosha kwaye ayinandlela yakukwazi, kuba ayigcinwanga naphina kwiiseva zayo. Okwangoku i-FBI isendleleni kwaye iphumelele Inkundla inyanzelisa iApple ukuba ikunike ukufikelela kweso sixhobokodwa ungayenza njani ngaphandle kwesitshixo?
I-FBI ifuna iApple ukuba yenze "umnyango ongasemva"
Kudala, iinkonzo zobuntlola zase-US kunye neminye imibutho yaseburhulumenteni icela iApple ukuba yenze indlela yokufikelela kwidatha egcinwe kwesinye sezixhobo zayo. "Umnyango wangasemva" ovumela, kwiimeko ezithile, iApple inokucelwa ukufikelela ngokuchasene nentando yomnini wesixhobo, okanye ubuncinci, ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
Ngeli thuba, into ebuzwa yi-FBI ngu-Apple yile yenza uhlobo lwenkqubo, efakwe kwisixhobo esifunyenweyo, ivumela izinto ezininzi:
- Faka iikhowudi zokungena ngokungenamda de ufumane eyona ichanekileyo, ngaphandle kwedatha ye-iPhone xa icinyiwe xa kugqityiwe kwelona nani liphezulu livunyelweyo
- Thintela amaxesha okulinda emva kokungena ngempazamo okunokuhlala kangangeyure
- Ukwazi ukufaka iikhowudi zokufikelela usebenzisa izibuko lesixhobo, ukuze kungafuneki ukuba senziwe ngesandla kwiscreen.
Ekugqibeleni, yintoni i-FBI efuna ukuyenza qhagamshela ikhompyuter kwi-iPhone 5c ethi nge «brute force» yazi isitshixo sokufikelela, Ukungena kuyo yonke indibaniselwano enokwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ngaphandle kwesixhobo esisusa idatha njengesixhobo sokhuseleko, into enokuyenza ngokuzenzekelayo emva kwemizamo emininzi engaphumelelanga. Kule nto, ucele iApple ukuba yenze inkqubo yokusebenza eguqulweyo evumela oko, kwaye iyakusebenzisa kule meko nakwezinye ezininzi njengoko i-FBI ibona kufanelekile.
UTim Cook uyala ukwenza into enjalo
Nangona umyalelo wenkundla ucacile, UTim Cook ngokwakhe, umphathi we-Apple, uyala ukwenza njalo, kwaye uya kusebenzisa zonke iindlela ekunikwa ngumthetho wakho ukuziphepha.
Xa i-FBI isicele idatha esikuyo, siyinike yona. I-Apple iyayithobela yonke imiyalelo yenkundla, kwaye sikwenzile oko kwityala laseSan Bernardino. Senze iinjineli zeApple zafumaneka kwi-FBI ukubanceda kuphando.
Sinentlonipho enkulu kubaqeqeshi be-FBI, kwaye siyakholelwa ekulungeni kweenjongo zabo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukukunceda. Kodwa ngoku uRhulumente wase-United States usicela into esingenayo, kwaye sikuthatha nokuba kuyingozi ukuyila. Sicelwe ukuba senze ucango lwangasemva kwi-iPhone. I-FBI ibeka amalungelo ethu kunye nenkululeko ethi ikhusela emngciphekweni.
Ubumfihlo okanye ukhuseleko?
Kucacile ukuba impikiswano ivuliwe: Lingakanani ilungelo labantu lokugcina iimfihlo zabo? Ngaba iApple kufuneka ibeke izixhobo eziyimfuneko ezandleni ze-FBI ukuze babenokwazi ukuhlola nawuphi na ummi xa bekubona kufanelekile? Kuthekani ukuba eso sixhobo senzelwe i-FBI siwele ezandleni zabanye abantu? Ekugqibeleni, ngaba isiphelo siyazithethelela iindlela?.
