Sonke siyazi i-HomeKit, iplatifomu ye-automation yasekhaya ye-Apple, kodwa kunezinguquko eziningi ezizayo futhi amagama amasha okudingeka siwazi njenge-Matter and Thread, ngoba i-automation yasekhaya izoshintsha futhi ibe ngcono. Lapha sikutshela konke nangolimi ozoluqonda ngokuphelele.
I-HomeKit, i-Alexa ne-Google
Labo bethu abajwayelene ne-automation yasekhaya, ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, sebeyazi kakade amapulatifomu amathathu amakhulu abusa imakethe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abasebenzisi be-Apple bane-HomeKit, okuyinto, vele, ihlanganisa ngokuphelele namadivayisi we-Apple. I-HomePod, Apple TV, iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple Watch... uma singabasebenzisi bemikhiqizo ye-Apple futhi indlu yethu igcwele yona, i-HomeKit ngokungangabazeki iyinkundla okufanele siyikhethe, ngisho noma kusho ukukhokha okwengeziwe.
Lapho sithenga umkhiqizo we-automation yasekhaya, uma sisebenzisa i-HomeKit kufanele sibheke ilebula ethi “Ihambisana ne-HomeKit”, futhi lokhu cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kusho ukukhokha okwengeziwe. Kukhona abakhiqizi abasebenza kuphela ne-HomeKit, njengo-Eve, abanye abangalokothi basebenze ne-HomeKit, nabanye abasebenza nazo zonke izinkundla.. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuhlukaniswa kwemakethe okungalungile kumsebenzisi futhi okudala ukudideka uma ungasazi kahle isihloko.
Kodwa izinto ziba nzima nakakhulu, ngoba ngaphezu kwamapulatifomu amathathu amakhulu sinezesekeli ezisebenza nazo kodwa ngokusebenzisa "amabhuloho" athile. Ungathenga isibani esisebenza ne-Amazon kodwa ukusebenzisana ne-HomeKit kudinga ibhuloho, futhi lelo bhuloho alisebenzi nezinye izinhlobo, ngisho noma kungeye-HomeKit, ngakho-ke uma usebenzisa imikhiqizo ehlukene ekugcineni ungahlangana namabhuloho amaningana ekhaya okuthi ekugcineni athathe isikhala, amapulagi nezimbobo ze-ethernet zomzila wakho. Isibonelo, nginamabhuloho asuka e-Aqara, Philips nase-IKEA ekhaya... ngiyahlanya.
Okubalulekile, izinga elisha elihlanganisa yonke into
Ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu kufika i-Matter, indinganiso entsha eye yamukelwa yizo zonke izinkundla ezishintshayo zasekhaya (ezingakholeki kodwa ziyiqiniso) futhi ezoqeda zonke lezi zinkinga. Awusadingi ukusesha ibhokisi ukuze ubone ukuthi liyahambisana yini ne-HomeKit, i-Alexa noma i-Google, ngoba uma ihambisana ne-Matter, ungayisebenzisa nengxenyekazi oyifunayo. Amadivayisi ahambisanayo azoxhumeka kusetshenziswa izimiso eziyisisekelo ezihlukene, kodwa okubalulekile kumsebenzisi ukuthi azosebenza nengxenyekazi yawo yekhaya ezenzakalelayo ekhethiwe.
I-Matter ayigcini nje ngokuhlanganisa yonke into, kodwa ihlanganisa nokunye ukuthuthukiswa okufana nokwenzeka kokuthi yonke into isebenze ngaphandle kwesidingo soxhumano lwe-inthanethi. Amadivayisi azoxhunywa namanye, futhi axhunywe ngokushintshana nendawo emaphakathi (HomePod noma Apple TV esimweni se-HomeKit), kodwa ngeke badinge ukuxhunywa ku-inthanethi, ngoba yonke into izosebenza endaweni. Lokhu kusho isikhathi esincane sokuphendula, futhi into ebaluleke kakhulu, ukuhlonipha ubumfihlo bethu, ngoba okwenzeka endlini yethu kuhlala endlini yethu. Kuzoba khona izici ezifana nezibuyekezo ze-firmware ezizodinga uxhumano lwe-inthanethi, noma ezinye izisetshenziswa ezithile ezifana namakhamera okuqapha okuzodingeka ukuthi axhumeke ku-inthanethi ukuze asebenze.
Intambo, iphrothokholi eshintsha yonke into
Sesivele sikhulume ngeplatifomu (HomeKit), indinganiso (Matter) futhi manje sikhuluma ngephrothokholi (Intambo). Intambo iwuhlobo lwephrothokholi yokuxhumana phakathi kwamadivayisi, okungukuthi, zonke izisetshenziswa esinazo ekhaya zizokhuluma kanjani zodwa. Le nqubo entsha ibilokhu inathi isikhathi eside, futhi sesivele sinamadivayisi athile ahambisana nayo, ngabakhiqizi abafana no-Eve no-Nanoleaf asebenazo kakade ezithengiswayo, namadivayisi afana ne-HomePod Mini noma i-Apple TV 4K entsha asevele asekelwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ngale protocol entsha yokuxhuma ukuthi amadivayisi ngeke axhunywe wonke ngqo kuyunithi yethu ephakathi (HomePod noma i-Apple TV), kodwa kunalokho azokwazi ukuxhuma omunye komunye futhi adale inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ezokwenza konke kusebenza kangcono kakhulu futhi ngokushesha, futhi sizofinyelela ukufakwa okubanzi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwesidingo sabaphindayo, ngoba izesekeli esizifaka kunethiwekhi yethu ye-HomeKit zizosebenza njengeziphindaphinda.
Ngaphandle kokungena kubuchwepheshe, njengoba ngihlose kuso sonke lesi sihloko, singasho ukuthi kuzoba nezinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi we-Tread:
- Idivayisi Egcwele Yochungechunge (FTD) ezixhuma kwamanye amadivaysi futhi zivumele amanye ukuthi axhume kuzo. Amadivayisi lapho ukonga amandla kungabalulekile ngoba ahlala exhunyiwe.
- Idivayisi Encane Yochungechunge (MTD) engaxhuma kwabanye kodwa akekho ongaxhuma kubo. Amadivayisi asebenza namabhethri noma ibhethri futhi okubalulekile ukonga amandla.
Eshadini elingenhla, ama-FTD azoba amapulaki, futhi ama-MTD azoba i-thermostat, isilawuli sokunisela, kanye nenzwa yewindi evulekile. Ukucabangela lokhu singakwazi dala inethiwekhi yamadivayisi axhumene nazo zonke izinzuzo ezihambisana nalokhu.
Kuthiwani ngemishini yami yamanje?
Lona umbuzo abaningi abawubuzayo ngaphambi kokufika kukaNdaba. Impendulo, kube kanye, iyajabulisa kakhulu: ungakhathazeki ngoba bazoqhubeka nokusebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Sizokwengeza kukho konke lokhu engikuchazele kona okokugcina: I-Thread Border Router. Le divayisi iyona ezobe iphethe ukwenza yonke into ihambisane nokuthi amadivayisi akho e-Thread ahambisane ne-Matter asebenzisane kahle namadivayisi akho amanje e-HomeKit. Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele ngithenge enye idivayisi? Ezimweni eziningi impendulo ithi cha.
Uma unayo i-HomePod mini noma i-Apple TV 4K (isizukulwane sesibili) usunayo kakade I-Thread Border Router ekhaya. Kukhona amanye amadivayisi enza lo msebenzi, njengamaphaneli okukhanya e-Nanoleaf, kanye namarutha omkhiqizo we-Nest ne-Eero noma amasistimu e-MESH. Futhi kancane kancane amanye amadivayisi analokhu kusebenza azofika. Ngakho-ke amadivayisi akho amadala e-HomeKit azosebenzisana kahle namasha owathengayo asevele ahambisana ne-Matter.
Uma ungenayo yalokhu futhi awufuni ukuthenga noma yini entsha usengasebenzisa amadivayisi akho e-HomeKit, futhi usazokwazi ukuthenga izesekeli kodwa usazodinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ziyahambisana ne-HomeKit, akusanele ukuthi ziyahambisana ne-Matter.
Uzofika nini uMatter?
U-Apple umemezele ekugcineni kwe-WWDC 2022 ukuthi i-Matter izofika kulo nyakaNgakho ukulinda ngeke kube isikhathi eside kakhulu. Uma isikhona, abakhiqizi abaningi bazobuyekeza amadivayisi abo ukuze ahambisane inqobo nje uma bewasekela, futhi imikhiqizo eminingi ehambisana ne-Matter isivele iyatholakala nakuba bengakakwazi ukusebenzisa lokho kusebenza.
