Ngokuqinisekile manje iningi lenu liyazi ngokuxabana phakathi kwe-Apple ne-FBI ngokukwazi ukufinyelela kwimininingwane ye-iPhone 5c ephethwe ngumbhali wokubulala okuningi eSan Bernardino. UTim Cook uqobo kuye kwadingeka aqhakambise ubuso bakhe kulokho akubheka njengesenzo "esiyingozi kakhulu" esingadala isibonelo esibalulekile ngokumelene nobumfihlo bawo wonke umuntu. Le micimbi idale impikiswano ethokozisayo yokuthi amabutho kahulumeni angahamba ibanga elingakanani esebenzisa ingxabano yezokuphepha, nokuthi yimiphi imikhawulo yobumfihlo bethu. Sikutshela konke okwenzekile kuze kube manje.
Isenzo sobuphekula eSan Bernardino
Kwenzeka ngoDisemba odlule ngo-2015. Abantu ababili, uSyded Rizan Farook noTashfeen Malik, babulala abantu abayi-14 futhi balimaza abanye abangu-22 eSan Bernardino, eCalifornia, kulokho okwamanje okubonakala kuwukuhlasela kwamaphekula okuhlobene ne-ISIS. Ngemuva kwalezi zehlakalo ezingezinhle i-FBI ithole i-iPhone 5c ephethwe ngomunye wababulali, Farook, kuze kube manje engakwazanga ukuvula ukuvula idatha yabo.
I-iPhone nohlelo lwayo lwezokuphepha "olungenakuhlaselwa"
I-Apple isebenzise uhlelo lwezokuphepha kumadivayisi ayo e-iOS okwenza kube "okungenakwenzeka" ukufinyelela idatha yakho ngaphandle kokwazi ukhiye umnikazi wayo awusebenzisayo ukuyivimba. Esikhathini esedlule, uma ukwazile ukweqa ukhiye wokukhiya wedivayisi, ungafinyelela kuningi ledatha, kepha namuhla lokhu akunakwenzeka, ngoba cishe yonke idatha ibethelwe futhi ikhonjwa kuphela ngemuva kokufaka ukhiye. Ngisho ne-Apple ayikwazi ukweqa le lokhi ngaphandle kokwazi iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi.
Idivayisi iyi-iPhone 5c, engenayo inzwa yezigxivizo zeminwe, ngakho-ke empeleni umnikazi akakwazi ukuphoqeleka ukuthi alahle ukhiye. I-Apple ayazi leyo khiye futhi ayinandlela yokuyazi, ngoba ayigcinwa noma kuphi kumaseva ayo. Kuleli qophelo i-FBI isesiphambanweni sezindlela futhi izuze i- incwadi yenkantolo ephoqa i-Apple ukuthi ikunikeze ukufinyelela kule divayisikepha ungakwenza kanjani ngaphandle kokhiye?
I-FBI ifuna i-Apple yakhe "umnyango wangemuva"
Sekuyisikhathi eside abezobunhloli base-US nezinye izinhlaka zikahulumeni bezicela i-Apple ukuthi yakhe indlela ethile yokuthola idatha egcinwe kwenye yamadivayisi ayo. "Umnyango wangemuva" ovumela, ezimweni ezithile, ukuthi i-Apple ingacelwa ukufinyelela ngokuphikisana nentando yomnikazi wedivayisi, noma okungenani, ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
Kulesi senzakalo, okufunwa yi-FBI yi-Apple yilokho dala inguqulo yesistimu, efakwe kudivayisi etholakele, evumela izinto eziningana:
- Faka amakhodi wokufinyelela angenamkhawulo uze uthole okulungile, ngaphandle kokuthi idatha ye-iPhone isulwe lapho inombolo enkulu evunyelwe yeqiwe.
- Gwema izikhathi zokulinda ngemuva kokufinyelela okuyiphutha okuningana, okungagcina kuze kufike ehoreni
- Ukwazi ukufaka amakhodi wokungena usebenzisa imbobo yedivayisi, ukuze kungadingeki kwenziwe ngesandla kusuka esikrinini.
Ekugcineni, i-FBI efuna ukukwenza xhuma ikhompyutha ku-iPhone 5c okuthi nge- «brute force» yazi ukhiye wokufinyelela, ifaka yonke inhlanganisela engenzeka ngokuzenzakalela futhi ngaphandle kokuthi idivayisi isuse idatha njengendlela yokuphepha, into iOS engayenza ngokuzenzekelayo ngemuva kwemizamo eminingi engaphumelelanga. Ukuze enze lokhu, ucele i-Apple ukuthi yakhe uhlelo lokusebenza olushintshiwe oluyivumelayo, nokuthi izosebenzisa kulokhu nakwabanye abaningi i-FBI ebona kufanelekile.
UTim Cook uyenqaba ukwenza into enjalo
Noma umyalo wenkantolo ucacile, UTim Cook uqobo, umphathi we-Apple, uyenqaba ukwenza njalo, futhi uzosebenzisa zonke izindlela umthetho wakho akunikeza zona ukukugwema.
Lapho i-FBI isicele imininingwane esikuyo siyinike yona. I-Apple ithobela yonke imiyalo yenkantolo, futhi sikwenzile ecaleni laseSan Bernardino. Senze onjiniyela be-Apple batholakale ku-FBI ukubasiza ophenyweni.
Sibahlonipha kakhulu ochwepheshe be-FBI, futhi sikholelwa ebuhleni bezinhloso zabo. Kuze kube manje senze konke okusemandleni ethu ukukusiza. Kepha manje uHulumeni wase-United States usicela okuthile esingenakho, nokuthi nathi sikuthatha njengengozi enkulu ukudala. Sicelwe ukuthi sakhe umnyango ongemuva ku-iPhone. I-FBI ibeka amalungelo ethu kanye nenkululeko ethi iyayivikela engcupheni.
Ubumfihlo noma ukuphepha?
Kusobala ukuthi impikiswano ivuliwe: Lilikhulu kangakanani ilungelo labantu lokugcina ubumfihlo babo? Ngabe i-Apple kufanele ifake izikhali ezidingekayo ezandleni ze-FBI ukuze zikwazi ukuhlola noma yisiphi isakhamuzi lapho zibona kunesidingo? Kuthiwani uma lelo thuluzi elenzelwe i-FBI liwela ezandleni zabanye abantu? Ekugcineni, ingabe ukuphela kuzithethelela izindlela?.
