Ukuthuthuka ku-iPhone (4): uhlelo lwethu lokuqala (II)

Kokuthunyelwe kwethu kwangaphambilini sikhombisile ukuthi uhlelo lwethu lwe-HelloWorld luzobe lunjani nezinyathelo ebesizothatha ukwakha uhlelo lwethu, ngaphezu kokunikeza izixhumanisi zemibhalo edingekayo. Kule ndatshana siqala ngokuvula i-XCode bese siqala ukuthuthuka.

Isinyathelo 1. Dala iPhrojekthi.

Ngalesi sizathu, sivula i-XCode futhi sivale (uma iphuma), iwindi lokwamukela lohlelo. Ngaphambi kokudala iphrojekthi yethu, singafaka okuncamelayo kwe-XCode. Ngokuvamile -> Isakhiwo khetha u-'All-In-One ', okungenani uma ufuna ukwazi ukuqhathanisa okubonayo ezikrinini zakho nezithombe ozozibona.

Okwamanje sakha iphrojekthi: Ifayela -> Iphrojekthi Entsha, bese sikhetha okususelwa ekubukweni:

Njengoba sibonisile ku-athikili eyedlule, ngephrojekthi ye-View-based XCode sakha umbono oxhunyaniswe nesigaba se-Controller (khumbula ukuthi besikhuluma ngephethini ye-MVC). Shayela iphrojekthi i-HelloWorld bese uyigcina kufolda oyifunayo. Uzobona okufana nalokhu:

Siyabona ukuthi sinamafayela amaningi:

• SawubonaWorldViewController.h kanye noHoloWorldViewController.m. Zombili zihambisana nesilawuli sesikrini sethu. Lapha kuzoba nomqondo ohlobene nombono wethu; Esimweni sethu, nansi kufanele kube yikhodi eyenza inani lelebula lishintshe nalokho okufakwe ebhokisini lombhalo. Siyabona ukuthi kukhona ifayela le- .h nenye i- .m. Eyokuqala yinhloko, kuJava kungaba yi-Interface. Nakhu ukumenyezelwa kokuguquguqukayo, izindlela, njll. Ifayela .m yilona elivele liqukethe ukuqaliswa.
• SawubonaWorldViewController.xib. ib = Umakhi Wokuxhumana. Leli fayela umbono wethu, isikrini. Kufakwe yiMainWindow.xib, isici esiyinhloko semibono esingeke siyithinte.
• SawubonaWorldAppDelegate (.h no .m). Ngeke siziguqule, inesikhombisi ku-ViewController yethu.
• Info.plist. I-XML enolwazi mayelana nesicelo sethu. Lapha singakwazi ngokwesibonelo ukukhombisa ukuthi yisiphi isithonjana sohlelo lwethu lokusebenza.

Isinyathelo 2. Design the interface.

Sizoqala "ukudweba" isihenqo sesicelo sethu. Ukwenza lokhu, ku-XCode sichofoza kabili ku-HelloWorldViewController.xib, futhi sizobona ukuthi uhlelo lwe-Interface Builder luyavula. Okokuqala, njengeseluleko esisebenzayo ngincoma ukuthi uhlale uhlola ukuthi unezinto ezivulekile zomhloli nezomtapo wolwazi. Ungawavula kumenyu yamathuluzi we-Interface Builder. Iphalethi leLabhulali lizokuvumela ukuthi ungeze izilawuli ezahlukahlukene ekubukeni kwakho, futhi iphalethi yoMhloli likuvumela ukuthi ubone izakhiwo zento ngayinye bese uziguqula.

Ngeke sizame ukwenza uhlelo lokusebenza oluhle, kepha ukulenza lisebenze. Qala ngokuthola isikrini, esinombhalo othi Buka. Uma kungavulwa, kuvulwa ngokuchofoza kabili ku-Buka kusikrini esilandelayo:

Ekubukeni, hudula kusuka kuphalethi yeLabhulali i-TextField ngenhla, ilebula engezansi bese ekugcineni uyi-Round Rect Button. Siyayibheka, uma sinokulawula okufana ne-TextField ekhethiwe, singahambisa ubukhulu balokhu kulawula, sikudlulisele esikrinini ... futhi kuphalethi yoMhloli singaba nezakhiwo zalo. Ukukhetha inkinobho singabeka isihloko esinenani «Shintsha!». Ekugcineni sizoba nokuthile okufana nalokhu:

Ngalokhu sichaze isikhombimsebenzisi sohlelo lwethu lokusebenza. Ihambisana nalokho ebesikuhlelile: ibhokisi lombhalo (ngemuva kwalokhu, i-TextField) lapho sizofaka khona imininingwane. Ilebuli (umbhalo ohleliwe) nenkinobho. Uma sicindezela inkinobho, ilebula izobonisa lokho esikubhalile ku-TextField. Ukuze senze lokhu kuzodingeka senze okuguquguqukayo okubhekisa kwilebula naku-TextField ku-ViewController yethu futhi kuzofanele sikhombise ku-Interface Builder ubudlelwane obuphakathi kwelebuli ne-TextField nalezi zinto eziguqukayo. Kuzofanele futhi sakhe indlela ku-ViewController ephethe ukuvuselela inani lelebuli ngalokho esikufake ku-TextField, bese sihlobanisa inkinobho kuleyo ndlela ku-Interface Builder. Konke lokho kuzoba yizinyathelo 3, 4 no-5 zombhalo wethu wokuqala, futhi kuzochazwa kokuthunyelwe okulandelayo.

Vele, ngaphambi kokuqeda ngincoma ukuthi ubheke okuvela kuphalethi yeLabhulali lapho ukhethe, isibonelo, i-TextField ukuyifaka ekubukweni:

Uyabona ukuthi kuchaza okwenziwa ukulawula i-TextField, kepha futhi ithi "UITextField" ngaphansi. Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba kuyasitshela ukuthi iliphi ikilasi kuhlaka lweCocoa UIKit oluhambelana nalokhu kulawula. Lokhu kusinikeza ukusikisela: ukuze kudale ukuguquguquka okuphatha lokhu kulawula ku-ViewController, kuzofanele kube kohlobo lwe-UITextField.